Monday, 28 March 2022

DRIVING

 Gears

A gear is a machinery in a vehicle such as a car or truck that you use to go comfortably at different speeds.

Motor Vehicle.

Types of Gears.

Car Gear.

135
|N|
24R

Lorry Gear.

R24
|N|
135

Neutral gear (N)- This is the gear engaged when switching on/ off a motor vehicle.
Gear No.1 - This is the starting gear when one wants to move the motor vehicle forward.
Reverse gear (R)- This is the gear that is used to move the vehicle behind.

There are three pedals in a manual car (Clutch, Brakes & Accelerator) and two in an automatic car (Brakes & Accelerator)

Accelerator - This is a foot pedal found on your right foot in a motor vehicle and it determines the speed of a vehicle when the accelerator is pressed it accelerates.
Brake - This is a foot pedal found between the accelerator and the clutch pedal. It is common in all types of vehicles and it is used to slow down or to stop the vehicle.
Clutch - This is a foot pedal found on the left foot in a motor vehicle. It is only found in manual motor vehicles.

These are the uses of clutch:

When :

Switching ON the motor vehicle
  • clutch completely in
  • Gears should be neutral/ free
  • Turn the ignition switch clockwise to start.
  • Starting to move the motor vehicle
After switching on the vehicle:
  • Check if the road is clear
  • clutch completely in
  • Put the starting gear No.1
  • Pull the hand brake down
  • Indicate on the direction you want to take while checking on the mirror if the road is clear.
  • Press the accelerator slowly and gradually
  • Release the clutch slowly and gradually.
Changing the gears:
  • Release accelerator
  • Immediately press the clutch completely
  • Change to the appropriate gears
  • Release the clutch slowly
  • Continue pressing the accelerator
NB: The act of changing the gear should be fast to make sure the car remains in motion. Do not look at the gear when changing the gear, one should look at the road. Stopping the motor vehicles
  • Release the accelerator
  • Press the clutch in completely
  • Press the brakes in slowly and gradually

Hill balancing

Uphill start

Manual gearbox.

  • If you’ve already stopped and you have your handbrake on.
  • Push in the clutch
  • Select the correct gear (usually first as it has the lower ratio to give you the power to start moving against gravity)
  • Press the throttle until you have at least 2000rpm showing. You might need more – it depends on how steep the hill is and how much torque your vehicle has.
  • Keep your right foot steady while you bring up the clutch until you feel it ‘biting’. This is the point where you’ll feel a bit of vibration through the clutch and the engine tone might start to change.
  • Release the handbrake and the car will start moving forwards.
  • Bring the clutch up slowly while simultaneously adjusting the throttle to achieve the acceleration that you need. You might need to give it less if you’ve given it too much to start with.
Automatic gearbox

  • Apply the handbrake
  • Put it in D and give it some throttle
  • Release the handbrake and you’ll move forwards.

Downhill start

  • Hold the brake and clutch down with both feet.
  • Start the car and shift into 1st gear.
  • Release the handbrake slowly and grip the steering wheel.
  • Release the foot brake and clutch at the same time, slowly.
  • Use the accelerator to bring the car up to your desired speed.
Three Point Turn
  • Move to the outer part of the lane
  • As you near the area in which you plan to practice a three point turn for the first time, move to the outer part of the lane.
  • This will create more room in which you can maneuver your vehicle.
  • Check your rear view mirror
  • Before stopping, check your rear view mirror for traffic. Do not attempt a three point turn on a busy roadway.
  • Check for other cars behind or in front of you.
  • Stop your vehicle. Again, check for any other cars either behind or in front of you.
POINT 1: ← Turn your steering wheel all the way to the left, approach the edge of the opposing lane After stopping and ensuring there are no other vehicles approaching in either direction, turn your steering wheel all the way to the left and accelerate your vehicle until it nears the edge of the opposing lane. This is the first point.

POINT 2: ↓ Shift into reverse, → turn your steering wheel to the right and back up towards the side of the road you originally started in Quickly check again for traffic. Shift your vehicle into reverse.
Using your rear view and side mirrors, slowly turn your steering wheel to the right and begin to back your vehicle towards the edge of the side of the road you originally started in. This is the second point.

POINT 3: ↑ Shift back into forward and steer left to begin driving in the lane opposite of the one you started in Check for approaching vehicles once more. Shift your car back into forward and steer left so that you begin driving in the lane opposite of the one you started in. This is the third point and the conclusion of the three point turn driving maneuver.

Motor Cycle.

How to start a motor Cycle
  • Insert key to ignite.
  • Turn the key on and check if the neutral light is On.
  • If the light is not showing ,lower to the Neutral gear.
  • Kick to start the engine or press to start button.
  • Now hold the clutch in on the left of the handle and engage gear Number 1 with the left foot.
  • Release the stand and accelerate as you release the clutch slowly.
  • after you balance on the road release the clutch completely and accelerate.
Changing Gears Up.
  • Release the accelerator and press the clutch
  • Engage gear Number 2 by pulling one step up
  • Release the clutch slowly and accelerate again
Changing Gears Down.
  • Release the accelerator and hold the clutch
  • Press down the gear from gear Number 3 to number 2 and release the clutch
    and accelerate if necessary, repeat the same process to lower to the lowest gear you want.
Braking.
  • On a motorbike, there are two brakes, one on the foot and another on the hand.
  • Release the accelerator and hold on the gear to disconnect it from the engine.
  • Use the foot brake to stop the bike smoothly.
How to switch off the motor bike
  • Press the clutch then the brake
  • Return the gear to neutral, switch headlights off as you support the cycle by stands.
  • Turn off the ignition and remove the key from the ignition and alight.
NB: The handbrake on a motorcycle is ONLY used when the leg brake is not being used.

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